…Because last week’s budget workshop highlighted some major deficits in understanding on the part of both the town staff and governing body which are inextricably tied up with the implosion of the Fire/EMS JPA.
If you were under the impression that the new JPA is a “done deal” think again, because time is running out and we need an ordinance that can withstand any challenges now or in the future.
I asked former Interim Mayor and Town Councilor, John Abrams, to expand on his remarks made during a recent Town Commission meeting because my experience has been primarily concerned with quasi-judicial hearings. What follows is his initial reply followed by a paraphrase of what turned into a long and detailed conversation. [ETA: There exists no single document in which all the requirements can be specifically listed. The items which follow are drawn from the Municipal Code, The Open Meetings Act, and the New Mexico Municipal League guidelines for how local governments should conduct public hearings. This situation is one of many reasons why Edgewood has suffered due to the loss of institutional memory during the changeover in its form of government.]
In response to my questions about requirements for legislative public hearings as opposed to quasi-judicial hearings Abrams replied:
“Not quite the same as in land use but still very close. The rules for testimony are similar as well.”
- At a minimum, two public meetings are required for approval of an ordinance.
- The process for approving any ordinance begins with an agenda item during a regular meeting which specifies that there be “discussion and possible action” on a call for a public hearing.
- Such agenda items are subject to the 72 hours requirement for regular meetings.
- The draft text of the proposed ordinance should be included in the meeting packet for that first meeting and/or a notice that the draft proposed document is available for inspection at town hall.
- If the call for a public hearing is approved, the motion should direct staff to formally publish notice of the proposed adoption of an ordinance (in a news outlet where the town usually posts public notices) at least 14 days in advance of the the dates of at least one, but ideally two scheduled public sessions to discuss and then vote on the ordinance.*
- The final text of the proposed ordinance should also be made available at least 14 days prior to the scheduled hearing(s).**
- Ideally, there should be two public sessions taking place within two successive regular meetings in order to insure reasonable notice, and to avoid giving the appearance of scheduling shenanigans.***
- Therefore, the public is made aware of impending passage of an ordinance by the following means, and while two sessions are not mandatory, that is true only so long as there have been no substantive changes to the proposed ordinance as it was originally noticed and published.
- A call for a public hearing is published along with a draft version of the ordinance and,
- If the call for a public hearing is approved, notice is published giving the
dates of at least two date of at least one but often two public hearing sessions which have been advertised at least 14 days in advance and,
- The text of the proposed ordinance having been made available to the public at least 14 days in advance of the hearings and,
- The public hearings ideally take place in two sessions before the board and public and during consecutive regularly scheduled meetings and,
- The vote may take place during the first session, but no earlier than a second hearing session in cases where there have been substantive changes proposed to the originally published version.
- In addition, even the 14 Day rule may be suspended in such cases where an Emergency affecting Public Safety is formally declared by the governing body. However, Emergency Declarations in such cases may be subject to review by state government agencies.
*Scheduling of legislative public hearings requires combining three elements: 14 days notice for legislative public hearings, 72 hours notice for the regular meeting(s) within which the hearings will be included on the agenda, and reasonable expectation that a quorum will be available to hear and then then vote on the matter.
**This assumes that work on the proposed ordinance is substantively complete with only minor corrections needed such as dates, who is to sign the ordinance, or unclear terminology.
***For example, annexations are done by passing an ordinance: The November 17, 2001 public hearing and the December 3, 2001 vote to annex Campbell Ranch had numerous irregularities: they were both done as special meetings with the second session being a continuance of the first. The first hearing session was held at a different location than the usual meeting place in the Community Center (Edgewood Elementary School), and the continuation of that hearing was scheduled in the usual location but on a Saturday morning. There were substantive reasons for challenging the vote in court, but had a judge ordered a “do-over” the results would likely have been the same.